Essential thrombocytosis (Primary thrombocythemia)

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This is the clinical syndrome characterized by repeated spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable increase in the number of circulating platelets. An increased number of thrombocytes (platelets) in the blood, without a known cause. A chronic myeloproliferative disorder that involves primarily the megakaryocytic lineage. It is characterized by sustained thrombocytosis in the blood, increased numbers of large, mature megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, and episodes of thrombosis and-or hemorrhage. The cause is unknown. Median survival times of 10-15 years are commonly reported. Half of all patients are asymptomatic, but clinical presentations include thrombosis and bleeding. There are no pathognomonic features and it is a diagnosis of exclusion. Hydroxyurea is the preferred cytoreductive agent in most people with the disease. Anagrelide may be preferred in younger patients; interferon alfa 2b is preferred when treating pregnant women. The life expectancy for people with essential thrombocytosis is usually similar to that for people without the disease. Patients need CBCs on a regular follow-up basis. Low-risk asymptomatic patients do not need treatment. High-risk patients (e.g., those who are >60 years old, have thrombotic episodes, or have a platelet count >1,500,000-microliter) should be treated with aspirin and cytoreductive drugs.

Symptoms:

Laboratory Test Procedures:

headache
lightheadedness
chest pain
fainting
fatigue
difficulty speaking
blurred vision
double vision
gradual loss of peripheral vision, usually in both eyes
numbness or tingling in the face
numbness or tingling in the hands
numbness or tingling in the feet
numbness
legs often ache and feel heavy and itchy
redness, throbbing and burning pain in the hands and feet
swollen spleen
mucosal bleeding
easy bruising
blood in the stool
numbness or tingling on one side of the body
prolonged bleeding
blood in the vomit
heavy bleeding from small cuts or dental work
painful open sores on fingers and toes
seizures
shortness of breath
nausea

Platelet Count
Protime/INR
PTT
WBC
Basophil %
Basophil Absolute
Eosinophil %
Eosinophil Absolute
Neutrophil %
Neutrophil Absolute
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