Published: 18 Jun 2025

ICD9: 314.01      ICD10: F90.0      ICD11: 6A05.Z

"Hyperactivity" and "ADHD" (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are closely related.
Hyperactivity is a core symptom of ADHD, but it's important to understand the full picture.

Here's a breakdown:

ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder): ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity that interfere with functioning or development. It's not just about being "hyper" or having trouble paying attention; it's a complex condition that affects executive functions in the brain.

Hyperactivity: This refers to excessive physical movement and difficulty staying still, even when it's inappropriate to do so. It's one of the three main symptom clusters of ADHD.

Symptoms of Hyperactivity Often Include:
Fidgeting and Squirming: Difficulty sitting still, often fidgeting with hands or feet, or squirming in a seat.
Leaving Seat: Getting up and moving around in situations where remaining seated is expected (e.g., in the classroom).
Running or Climbing: Excessive running or climbing in situations where it is inappropriate. (In adolescents or adults, this may manifest as restlessness.)
Difficulty Playing Quietly: Trouble engaging in leisure activities or playing quietly.
Being "On the Go" or "Driven by a Motor": Acting as if "driven by a motor" and being constantly active.
Talking Excessively: Talking a lot, often interrupting or dominating conversations.

Inattention: Another key symptom cluster in ADHD. It includes difficulties with:

Paying close attention to details
Sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
Listening when spoken to directly
Following through on instructions
Organizing tasks and activities
Avoiding or disliking tasks requiring sustained mental effort
Losing things necessary for tasks or activities
Being easily distracted
Being forgetful in daily activities

Impulsivity: The third symptom cluster. It involves acting without thinking and can include:

Blurting out answers before questions have been completed
Having difficulty waiting one's turn
Interrupting or intruding on others

Types of ADHD:

Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: Primarily characterized by symptoms of inattention. Formerly known as ADD.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: Primarily characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Combined Presentation: Characterized by significant symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. This is the most common type.

Important Considerations:

Diagnosis: ADHD is a clinical diagnosis made by a qualified professional (e.g., pediatrician, psychiatrist, psychologist) based on established criteria (DSM-5). It's not just about observing a few hyperactive behaviors.
Context Matters: The symptoms must be persistent, occur in multiple settings (e.g., home, school, work), and significantly impair functioning.
Other Conditions: ADHD can co-occur with other conditions, such as anxiety, depression, learning disabilities, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
Treatment: Treatment typically involves a combination of medication (stimulants or non-stimulants), behavioral therapy (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, parent training), and educational interventions.
Not Just for Kids: While ADHD is often diagnosed in childhood, it can persist into adulthood.

In summary, hyperactivity is a significant symptom of ADHD, but it's only one piece of the puzzle. ADHD is a complex disorder that affects attention, behavior, and impulsivity, and requires professional evaluation and treatment.

If you suspect that you or someone you know has ADHD, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.